Change of water use efficiency and its relation with root system growth in wheat evolution

Raising crop water use efficiency (WUE) is the physiological basis to implement crop high efficiently using water. The present soil column and field experiments are designed to investigate the change of wheat WUE (Triticum aestivum L.) at whole plant level and root system growth in evolution and the relationship between WUE and its root system growth using 10 wheat evolution genotypes with different ploidy chromosomes sets. Results show that in wheat evolution from 2n→6n, WUE at whole plant level increases with the increase of ploidy chromosomes, and root system growth (root weight, root length) and root/shoot ratio of wheat decrease with the increase of ploidy chromosomes under dry and irrigated conditions. WUE is negatively correlated with root weight and root/shoot ratio of wheat in evolution, significantly. Root system growth has an adverse redundancy for WUE in wheat evolution, and the root redundancy reduces with the increase of ploidy chromosomes, which result in the increase of wheat WUE at whole plant level.     

Preliminary study on land surface characteristics over Huaihe River Basin

The analysis of the flux observation dada from the Huaihe River Basin Experiment (HUBEX) shows that, in semi-humid monsoon regions, latent heat flux is as important as sensible heat flux in most situations. Moreover, it can even dominate the sensible heat flux in cropland and paddy field. This is distinct from that for arid and semi-arid regions where the sensible heat flux is dominant. Under clear sky conditions, the soil temperatures in different vertical layers all exhibit certain diurnal variations, and the magnitude decreases with depth to less than 1°C at a depth of 60 cm. This depth is considered as the transition layer for the soil moisture variation. On the other hand, the vertical profile of soil water content varies with the soil texture and even weather conditions, and the layer with maximum soil water content can also be found in Jiangji station during June 1998.     

Influence of Reaction Parameters on Water Absorbency of Starch Grafted Superabsorbents

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飞来峡水利枢纽防洪调度对佛山市水情预报的影响

通过分析佛山市防洪的水文特征，提出了飞来峡水利枢纽建成后，因放闸流量的不可预见期，将对西、北江中下游佛山市的水情预报造成影响。     

阜阳市地表水水质分析

根据阜阳主要交通水系的基本特征,对城区各骨干河段地表水水质在 PH 值、COD、DO、氨氮、TP 等方面进行了水质检测和评价,结果表明各河水体已受到不同程度污染,并结合实际分析了污染原因。     

泵送高强粉煤灰混凝土的研制

通过掺加减水剂，调整水灰比等途径配制了泵送高强粉煤灰混凝土，并力求加在粉煤灰掺量以降低混凝土成本，介绍了泵送混凝土配合比，分析讨论了泵送高强粉煤灰混凝土的性能。     

黄河水中甘氨酸对铅(Ⅱ)与表层沉积物相互作用的影响

研究了黄河水中甘氨酸对铅(Ⅱ)与表层沉积物相互作用的离子交换率E%—pH的影响.实验结果表明:①在2×7.73×10-3mmol·L-1甘氨酸存在下,离子交换率降低;②随着甘氨酸浓度的增加,S型曲线与未加甘氨酸相比,先左后右移动;③甘氨酸存在下,转型表层沉积物比自干表层沉积物离子交换率高.     

蓄水单坑非均质土土壤水分运动的数值模拟

针对蓄水坑灌法中非均质土壤水分问题，建立了数学模型，并采用ADI（交替方向隐式）差分法进行求解以模拟非均质土土壤水分运动规律，物理模型试验验证表明其与数值模拟结果基本相符，说明将此方法用于果树单抗灌溉入渗问题的研究是行之有效的，对促进果树灌溉技术的进一步研究具有重要意义。     

一类新型壳聚糖改性聚合物絮凝剂的制备与性能

以过硫酸铵为引发剂，在通氮气条件下，使壳聚糖和丙烯酰胺于70－80℃下发生接枝共聚反应，制得一类新型壳聚糖改性聚合物絮凝剂（CAM）；对其絮凝性能，络合重金属离子性能进行了测试，并进行了造纸废水的絮凝实验，结果表明，在弱酸条件下，CAM具有很强的絮凝能力和对重金属离子的络合能力，与硫酸铝具有很强的协同作用，硫酸铝的存在可大大提高CAM的絮凝能力，该絮凝剂特别适用于含有机物和重金属离子的混合废水处理。     

坚硬煤层注水预裂水压力计算

主要运用有效应力原理及断裂力学推导了煤层注水所需的最小注水压力,初步探讨了多组裂隙同时存在对煤层最小注水压力影响的计算方法,并分析了影响倾斜坚硬煤层注水压力的因素,指出了注水压力与煤层倾角及埋藏深度之间的关系,其理论结果与现场相符。